Bone Health

Authors - Patarawan Woratanarat, MD Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. Rajthevee, Bangkok 10400. Thailand
J. Richard Bowen, MD Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children Wilmington, DE 19803-3607
Fibular deficiency is the most common congenital absence of long bone. Its cause is unknown and it has many associated anomalies. This chapter will provide the details about clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment strategies especially for limb length discrepancy and foot problems. Other procedures that may be required for correcting the associated anomalies of the knee, the tibia, and the ankle are also described in this chapter.

Tibial deficiency is a rare congenital absence of long bone causing severe limb shortening and an equinovarus foot deformity. It is highly associated with multiple congenital anomalies and has the patterns of inheritance as an autosomal dominant and an autosomal recessive. This chapter will provide the details about classifications, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and the strategies of treatments especially the knee and the foot problems and limb length discrepancy.
Authors - Patarawan Woratanarat, MD Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. Rajthevee, Bangkok 10400. Thailand
J. Richard Bowen, MD Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children Wilmington, DE 19803-3607